Abstract

The study aimed to compare the effect of the duration of soaking with different concentrations of ethyl methyl sulfonate on the germination and growth of okra seedlings growing in dishes using cotton, in the laboratory during the summer seasonon 06/29/2021 to2021/18/07  AD.,where the seeds were treated with different concentrations of the mutagen at different time periods, and the results were as follows:
Okra seeds responded to the shorter period of time soaked in low concentrations of ethyl methyl sulphonate in the characteristic of (germination speed), where the EMS treatment achieved a concentration (0.01%) superiority in the case of soaking for one hour, an average of (2.675 days) over the two EMS treatments (0.03% concentration).  And (0.05%).
The results showed a significant superiority in the characteristic (germination rate%) for the two EMS concentrations (0.01% and 0.02%) in the case of soaking for an hour with average germination rates (99% and 97%) over the two EMS treatments (0.04% and 0.05%). Characteristics (stalk length) of okra seedlings with an average of (15.80 cm, 14.43 cm) in the case of soaking for one hour and (16.30 cm, 15.50 cm) in the case of soaking for two hours.
As well as in the characteristic (leaf area), the EMS treatments (0.01% and 0.02%) excelled in the case of soaking for two hours over the case of soaking for one hour in the EMS solution, as the averages were (3.375 cm2 and 3.400 cm2) in the case of soaking for two hours versus (3.075 cm2 and 3.175 cm2) when soaking for 1 hour.
Okra seeds responded to the duration of the soaking period with EMS solutions in the root length characteristic, where the treatment of (0.02%) when soaked for two hours was superior to all other treatments in both cases of soaking for one hour and two hours.