This experiment was conducted to study the effect of hydro-priming and irrigation with NaCl solution on the germination of henna (Lawsonia inermis L.) seeds. Three intervals of hydro-priming (12, 24, and 36 hours) were used, with the distilled water being changed every 12 hours, along with a control treatment (no-priming).  Three concentrations of sodium chloride NaCl (0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 M/L) were also tested, compared to a control treatment (irrigated with distilled water). Various germination parameters were measured, and the experiment was designed using a split plots design with three replications. The results showed significant differences among the hydro-priming treatments and salinity levels for the traits of days to first germination, days to 50% germination, germination rate, mean germination time, peak germination, and percentage of germination, while no significant differences were observed for uniformity and vigor of germination. The interaction effects between hydro-priming and salinity levels were not significant for any of the studied traits.

The results indicated that the number of days to first germination and the number of days to 50% germination decreased with increasing of hydro-priming time 36 hours, followed by the 24 hours and 12 hours treatments, compared to the control. Meanwhile, germination speed increased as hydropriming increased. In addition, the 36 hour hydro-priming treatment was significantly superior to the other treatment in terms of germination percentage.

The results indicated that the percentage of first germination, days to 50% germination, and germination rate decreased with increasing of hydro-priming time (36 hours), followed by the 24 hours and 12 hours treatments, compared to the control. Conversely, the 36 hours soaking treatment resulted in the highest percentage of germination.

The present study aimed to evaluate the chemical, biochemical, and phytochemical properties of the endemic Aloe vacillans Forsskål leaf extracts, focusing on populations cultivated in the Amran Governorate, Yemen, and determining their taxonomical significance. A total of 59 characteristics (26 qualitative and 33 quantitative) were analyzed. Numerical and statistical analyses confirmed the existence of two distinct morphological forms: red-flowered and yellow-flowered. Phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, and saponins. (FT-IR) spectroscopy identified key functional groups, including hydroxyl (OH), C-H, C=C, and carbonyl (C=O) groups, in both forms. The antioxidant activity, assessed via the ferric-bipyridine reduction (FBRC) method, revealed high capacities of 244 ± 5.2 µg ASA/mg for the red form and 232 ± 4.8 µg ASA/mg for the yellow form, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Antimicrobial potential was evaluated against four human pathogens (S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans) using the agar well diffusion method. The red form consistently exhibited superior antimicrobial activity compared to the yellow form across all tested concentrations. These findings provide robust evidence for the taxonomical distinction between the two forms and highlight their potential as natural sources for pharmaceutical applications.

Cosmetics increase exterior appearance attractiveness; however, they may constitute a risk to users owing to hazardous chemical compositions. The study aimed to analyze the levels of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in lipsticks and foundation creams sold at Aden markets, Yemen. The samples of the study included ten (10) samples (6 foundation creams and 4 lipsticks) and they were analyzed for lead and cadmium content using Inductive Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). The concentration range of Pb and Cd were from 0.575 ppm to 234.750 ppm, 0.000 ppm to 0.108 ppm, respectively, in foundation creams. 0.000 ppm to 331.750 ppm, 0.000 ppm to 0.083 ppm, respectively in lipsticks. The majority of Pb and Cd contents were within the European Union (EU) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) limits, except two samples: Dermacol Cream and Super Stay Matte INK lipstick. Their lead content exceeded the allowed limits. Long-term exposure to these chemicals can pose substantial health risks, notably skin cancer. To maintain human safety, cosmetic items should be monitored on a constant basis, notably for adulteration.

This study reports the activity concentrations of 40K, 232Th, and 226Ra for 21 surface soil samples from Lahj Governorate, Yemen, with mean values of 714.5 Bq/kg, 30.7 Bq/kg, and 28.2 Bq/kg, respectively. Major-oxide analyses by XRF revealed SiO₂ contents between 60.5 % and 71.8 % and K₂O between 1.46 % and 3.23 %, and a near-perfect correlation (r = 0.99) was found between K₂O and 40K activity, confirming K-bearing minerals as primary hosts for 40K. Trace-oxide data (Cr₂O₃: 0.024–0.078 %, V₂O₅: 0.010–0.043 %, MnO: 0.051–0.169 %) were strongly associated with ICP-MS metal concentrations (Cr up to 776 ppm, V up to 431 ppm, Mn up to 1 127 ppm), indicating shared mineral phases. Integrating HPGe, ICP-MS, and XRF techniques provides a cohesive multi-method framework for assessing natural radioactivity and heavy-metal distributions in under-studied soils.

The problem of the study was that there is deterioration in the characteristics of drinking water in Al-Musaymir district, Lahij Governorate, also, appearance of dental fluorosis and osteoporosis in Children. The present study aimed to investigate the concentration of fluoride and some physical properties of drinking water in the study area and to compare it with standards of the World Health Organization (WHO). Seventeen of drinking water samples were collected from surface water. Temperature and pH were measured directly in situ using a graduated thermometer and pH meter (HQ40D multi/HACH), while turbidity and fluoride content were analyzed in the laboratory. Samples were taken from the wells that were examined in coordination with Aden Water Supply Local and Sanitation Corporation (AWSLC). A HACH Spectrophotometer (DR 900 model) and a  HACH UV-Spectrophotometer (DR 5000 model) were used for measuring of turbidity and Fluoride (F^-), respectively. The results showed that the concentration of fluoride in most of the studied samples exceeded the permissible limit for WHO. The study recommended the government institutions and organizations to conduct a study of the soil and rocks, in addition to knowing the reasons for increasing fluoride concentration in water and then finding solutions.

Stroke is the second leading cause of death and a major contributor to disability worldwide. The prevalence of stroke is highest in developing countries, with ischemic stroke being the most common type. Considerable progress has been made in our understanding of the pathophysiology of stroke and the underlying mechanisms leading to ischemic insult. Stroke therapy primarily focuses on restoring blood flow to the brain and treating stroke-induced neurological damage. The present study was designed to evaluate the relationship between stroke and carotid artery stenosis. The study population consisted of 148 stroke patients being studied during period from January 2023 to June 2023 in Aden’s general and private hospitals, for this purpose, a questionnaire containing eight sections and 46 statements was used. The study showed the predominance was males predominate (71.6%), with patient to an older age group. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor (76.4%), followed by hyperlipidemia (75.0%), smoking (65.5%), and hyperuricemia 65.5% of patients had. This studying showed that all patient receives the medical management, including antiplatelets and statins (100%).

The rapid growth of digital data has increased the demand for data management systems that provide not only high performance and scalability but also strong security, integrity, and trust guarantees. This paper presents an experimental and functional comparison between SQL Server, a traditional relational database, and BigchainDB, a Blockchain-based decentralized database that integrates distributed ledger features with database capabilities. Both systems were deployed in an identical containerized simulation environment using Docker to ensure fair and reproducible evaluation. A unified dataset containing up to 100,000 records was generated and used to assess insertion performance, query latency, scalability, and system resource consumption (CPU and memory). System behavior was continuously monitored using Prometheus and Grafana. In addition to performance metrics, functional metrics including immutability, traceability, and ownership control were evaluated.

The experimental results show that SQL Server achieves significantly lower latency and faster query response, but at the cost of higher CPU and memory utilization. Conversely, BigchainDB demonstrates lower resource consumption and provides strong security and tamper-resistance guarantees, though with increased latency due to consensus and transaction validation mechanisms. These findings highlight the trade-offs between centralized and decentralized data management solutions and provide practical guidance for selecting the appropriate technology based on application requirements for performance, trust, and security.