The experiment was carried out in the laboratory of the Biology Department, College of Education/ Sabr - University of Aden – Yemen, during the period May- July 2017. The aim of this study is to find out the effectiveness of four types of aqueous extracts of animal waste, namely cow manure, sheep manure, donkey manure, and poultry blue (10% weight/volume) against Aspergillus niger that causes black rot in onions, Aspergillus flavus  that causes rot in peanuts. There were significant differences between the different treatments, and the effectiveness of poultry glaucoma was the most effective among the different treatments against the fungi A .niger, A .flavus  where the inhibition rate was 70.69, 67.30% over the following. The lowest effectiveness of donkey manure where the inhibition percentage did not exceed 36.53 and 30.81%, respectively.
Accordingly, our results indicate the effectiveness of aqueous extracts of animal waste (cow manure, sheep manure, donkey manure, and poultry glaucoma (10% weight/volume)) against Aspergillus niger that causes black rot in onions, Aspergillus flavus that causes rot in peanuts, but in a similar way. uneven.

A laboratory experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect plant extracts water allium Sativum ,Thevetia nerifolia, Eucalyptus camaldulensi and Punica gramatumat two concentrations 40% and 60%. The results showed that all plant extracts by concentration of 60% gave the highest effect, whereas high inhibition effect of Allium sativumat concentration of 60% was about 94.5% for F. oxysporium f.sp .lycopersici and about 92.6%Macrophomina Phaseolina, where less inhibition effect of Punica gramatum at concentration of 40% about 61.2% for F. oxysporium f.sp .lycopersici ,and Thevetia nerifoliaat concentration of 40% was the less inhibition effect, about 84.8% for M. phaseolina (Tassi) Goidcompared with the control.

     A field experiment was carried out in the educational farm of Nasser’s Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Aden (Delta Tuban) Lahej Governorate, Republic of Yemen, during two seasons 2017/2018 and 2018/2019, to study the effect of three sowing dates (6/11, 6/12 and 6/1) and three plant densities (56, 67 and 83 thousand plant/Ha) on the yield and its components of maize. The experiment was performed in split-plot design with three replications.The results could be summarized as that the first sowing date (6 November) significantly surpassed was higher in all yield characteristics and components, compared to the late sowing date (6 January) in both seasons.
The low density gave the highest values ​​of the yield components studied, except shelling percentage in grain. High density gave the highest values ​​in cereal yield. The interaction between sowing dates and density significantly affected all the studied traits. The low density gave the highest values ​​with the first date in the length and diameter of the ear, number of rows/ear, number of grain/ear and 100 grain weight for the two seasons. The high density with the first date achieved the highest values ​​in the shelling percentage and grain yield in both seasons.

     Two experiments were carried out in the winter and summer seasons during the period from 2/7/2019 to 12/8/2019 and from 1/12/2019 to 12/1/2020 in the private barn belonging to the farmer Hamdi Al-Zailai in the village of Al-Fayoush, Tibn M/ Lahj District. In this study, 240 one-day-old Ross broilers were used, with 120 asexual broilers for each experiment. Broilers were randomly distributed to four replicates of equal area (1 x 3 = 3 m²), with a number of 30 broilers for each replicate.
      The results of this study showed that the season had a highly significant effect (P<0.01) on body weight and feed consumption rates in winter and summer, which reached 996.68, 1464.1 g, 785.93, 1201.35 g at four weeks of age, respectively,and 2031,33 , 3625 .55, 88,1324, and 65.2705 g at 6 weeks of age, respectively. The results also showed that the season had a highly significant effect (P<0.01) on the productivity rate per square meter of live weight, while the results showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) for the effect of the season in the characteristic of the feed conversion factor at 4 and 6 weeks, and in the mortality rate at 6 weeks of age.
     The correlation coefficient between the age of the broiler and its weekly weight was 0.98 and 0.99 in the winter and summer seasons, respectively, while the correlation coefficient between the average temperature and the rate of weekly feed consumption in the winter and summer seasons was 0.42 and 0.94 respectively.

    The aim of the present study was to investigate the ability of Sider honey to protect renal from the toxic effect of tetrachloride (CCl₄) in Male Rabbits. For obtaining the aim of this study, thirty local breed male rabbits (weighted 1000-1400 gr) were used. The animals were divided into five groups, every group contains (6) animals, The first group served as control animals, and they orally received only 5ml of dis water once a day for a period of 30 days .The second group was i.m injected by (1ml/kg) of CCl₄ twice a week in order to induce the toxicity in renal, then they had not received any treatment for a period of 30 days. The third group was i.m injected by 1ml/kg of CCl₄ twice a week and then orally received a 1g/kg of honey dose daily for a period of 30 days. The fourth group of animals was i.m injected by 1ml/kg of CCl₄ a twice-in week and then orally received 2g/kg of honey dose daily for a period 30 days. The fifth group received 2g/kg of honey for a period of 15 days , in day 16^th  ,they were i.m injected by 1ml/kg of CCl₄ twice week in order to induce the toxicity in renal , with the continuation of receiving the dose of honey until day thirty.
      The values of Urea, Uric acid, Creatinine in serum of blood were estimated. The results showed a highly significantl in P< 0,05 increase in level of urea , uric acid creatinine was shown in group 2. Our results emphasized the high toxicity of CCl₄. Let the use of honey as curative and protective agent to protect the toxic effect of CCl₄, and decrease the level of urea, uric acid, creatinine in serum animals. The best results was recorded in 5^thgroup animals that received 2g/kg of honey as protective agent.

     Construction with clay and mud bricks is still the traditional building system that exists in Hadhramout valley since hundreds of years until today. and due to the development and change of people's needs over time, building systems have changed to keep pace with these desires. The aim of this research is also to comparing the development of building structural systems of mud construction and to study the changes in its safety factors.
     Building surveys were done and all structural building components were studied, and the safety factors were studied in two different methods for each part of the mud bearing walls. The results confirmed that the increasing stress on the walls of mud buildings, and a huge reduction in the safety factor in the modern architectural designs of mud buildings is due to the large area of rooms and the cancellation of the interior columns.
     This means that the mud material in building has become tremendously stressed, causing the phenomenon of rapid onset of cracks and collapse of modern mud buildings. Therefore, we recommend to develop a local mud-hay building code in Arabic language; which will maintain the sustainability of the outstanding local mud construction system.

    Louder District is located at N12.55.663-45.50.793 and E12.54.692-45.49.617, situated at an altitude of (800 to 2000m) above sea level, and the study area climate contributed to the constitution of a scattered composition of vegetation predominated by shrubs in general appearance. During the field survey,95 plants species were identified as belonging to 71 genera and consolidating 31 families. Convergence of some families in the presence of their genera and species so, Euphorbiaceae and Lamiaceae are considered as more faction attended in general, followed by Asteraceae, Fabaceae.

     The Effect of Ash of Palm Fronds powder on the Mechanical properties of low density polyethylene (LDPE) was studied as a function of the percentages of Ash of Palm Fronds (1%,2%,3%,4%,5%,7.5%,10%). At particular size (75 µm) were investigated through several variables such as stress at yield, young's modules, strength, elongation and proportional limit . The obtained results showed that the added Ash of Palm Fronds reduces the spaces between the polymer chains, which reflects the high ability of the polymer against the applied stress. The increase of added Ash of palm will give further property that increase the hardness of the prepared specimens. The results have lead to  the strength at break which will be affected by little of the percentage (1%), and lowered after that with increasing the percentage also indicate an lowered in young's modules at the percentage (3%). The maximum value of the proportional limit was (192.5 N) for percentage (1%), while the minimum value of the proportional limit was (130.2 N)  for percentage (7.5%).

     Preoperative scoring system to predict difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be regarded as an instrument in the hand of the surgeon, which could help him to prepare for difficult operation, make better preoperative counseling of the patient, and in general, it is a further step towards the safe, modern, surgical practice. The study aimed developing a simple scoring system to predict difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy preoperatively, which can be used in the daily clinical practice.
     This is a retrospective study carried out in the 22 May Hospital, Aden, from 1st March 2018 to 29th February 2020. It included 405 patients who had laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and among them, 137 had difficult operation. 10 variables were subjected for multivariate study (binary logistic regression) which had shown association with difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy on previous univariate analysis. Statistical software SPSS version 17 was used for this purpose and significance level was set to p< 0.05. The necessary predictors (independent factors) which were able to explain the outcome (difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy) were identified with statistical significance. The effect size of these predictors was rounded and the new values were adopted as scores for each factor. A scoring system was constructed from these factors and their scores. The accuracy of the new score system was tested by the ROC analysis against the same sample.
7 predictors were identified. Depending on these variables, the prediction for easy laparoscopic cholecystectomy came true in 87% of cases and the prediction for difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy came true in 85% of the cases.  The returned area under the curve was 0.913, with 95% confidence interval. A score above 2.25 was considered difficult with sensitivity and specificity of 82.25% and 85.8% respectively.  There were no cases with score above 9.
     From the findings of the current study, it could be concluded that the new scoring system had good predictive capability to difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy and it incorporates simple, few determinants, which could help surgeon and improve patient curative care.

     To allow healing of the anastomotic site, nil-by-mouth is widely practiced for several days after resection and anastomosis of gastrointestinal. This study determines the feasibility and safety of early oral feeding following gastrointestinal resections and anastomoses.
     This prospective study included consecutive patients who underwent gastrointestinal resection from June 2016 to June 2021. These patients divided into two groups, according to their postoperative feeding protocol. The early oral feeding group received oral diet on the first postoperative day, while the late oral feeding group were started on oral feeding after the passage of flatus.
     No significant differences were found in tolerance to oral feeding (p = 0.230) and the postoperative complications (p = 0.253) between the two groups. Compared with the late oral feeding group, time to first flatus, bowel movement and length of postoperative hospital stay were significantly shorter in the early oral feeding group (for all p = 0.002).
   Early oral feeding after gastrointestinal anastomosis is feasible and safe.